• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Multiple terminal (1) for clamping and / or contacting electrical conductors (16, 17, 31, 32) or overhead lines or cables with a terminal block (2) having at least one contacting channel (34) with a front and rear contacting opening (14 ), which is intended to receive a line to be clamped (17; 31, 32) or strand (16) or a rope; wherein each contacting channel (34) is associated with at least one clamping screw (3-8) which sits in a threaded bore (9, 1 0) of the terminal block (2) and engages with its pressure pin (15) in the contacting channel (34), wherein the Contacting opening (14) is formed with a greater height than width and at least the peripheral edge of the contacting opening (14) in the lower region has a toothing (18).
    公开号:AT516192A2
    申请号:T472/2015
    申请日:2015-07-16
    公开日:2016-03-15
    发明作者:Robert Seidl
    申请人:Robert Seidl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Multiple terminal
    The invention relates to a multiple terminal for electrical conductors, also in the form of an overhead line terminal or as a cable clamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
    A multiple terminal for electrical conductors has become known, for example, with the article of DE 70 33 210 U1 or DE 1 102 847 B.
    In both embodiments of a multiple terminal, there is the disadvantage that the contacting of an electrical conductor is not secure enough.
    DE 70 33 210 U1 used for contacting a pressure piece, which has a toothing on the side facing the conductor.
    The opposite surface on which the ladder is seated is not toothed. For this reason, there may be contact and conductivity problems with aging of such a terminal connection. Incidentally, only one single conductor, and only one solid conductor, can be contacted.
    Incidentally, the design and manufacturing cost of such a multiple clamp is high because a pressure piece to be operated separately from clamping screws must be used.
    Likewise, the mating surface must be made separately, resulting in high manufacturing costs.
    DE 33 08 568 A1 shows a complex construction, consisting of a pressure plate, a U-shaped contact element, which is acted upon by the pressure plate on both sides, and finally by a contacting opening, one side through the upper surface of the contact element and the other, bottom-side surface a tooth surface is formed in the housing. Thus, in total, two movable parts are required for contacting, which is associated with a high cost and a deterioration of the contactability.
    Incidentally, the contacting of an electrical tab to be contacted is insufficient because only the bottom surface of the housing is formed with a serration. An all-round toothing is not apparent from this document.
    The invention has for its object to provide a multiple terminal of the type mentioned in such a way that at much less effort a perfect contact over a long life not only of solid conductors, but also of individual wires, stranded wires and stranded conductors is given. Likewise, free-field wires should be clamped properly. The multiple clamp according to the invention should also be usable as a cable clamp.
    To solve the problem, the invention is characterized by the technical Lehredes claim 1.
    An essential feature of the invention is that in a terminal block a number of contacting openings are arranged, which are arranged parallel to each other, each contacting opening at least two successive, passing through the contact hole clamping screws are arranged, the clamping bolt protrudes into the contact hole, and that each contact hole with at least one in the bottom region and the two is formed axially opposite toothing opposite side areas.
    With the given technical teaching there is the advantage that now each contact opening is formed with a substantially circumferential toothing, wherein in a first preferred embodiment, the circumferential toothing, which determines the contour of the contacting opening, also rotates in the ceiling area.
    It is therefore a 360 ° circumferential toothing which extends over the entire opening area of the contacting opening and which passes in the terminal block.
    In a second preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the contacting opening is formed with a non-circumferential toothing, but that the toothing is arranged only in the bottom area and in the side area.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the profile shape of the respective contacting opening is approximately oval. By such a preferred profile shape is meant that the bottom and top surfaces of the contacting opening are approximately arcuate and the side surfaces are formed as straight surfaces.
    The invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, it can be provided that the bottom surface and the top surface each have symmetrically equal radii of curvature and are approximately segmental in shape, but that the side surfaces are not straight formed, but are bulged.
    In a third embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the profile shape of the contacting opening is designed to be round overall, and in a fourth embodiment it can be provided that the profile of the contacting opening is optionally rectangular or square.
    In the case of the inventive toothing of the contacting openings, which according to the first preferred embodiment extend over the entire wall of the contacting opening and of the contacting channel, it is preferred that the toothings follow a regular, symmetrical pattern. This may be a symmetrical wave pattern, that is, gears having a relatively small radius of curvature, the radius of curvature describing a maximum being approximately equal to the radius of curvature describing a minimum of the respective tooth.
    This results in a uniform, approximately wave-shaped toothing, which in the preferred embodiment, runs around a ring around the contact opening and covers the entire contacting channel.
    With the given technical teaching there is the advantage that a plurality of electrical conductors can be properly and safely contacted, because the contacting of the electrical conductors is carried out by associated clamping screws whose bolt-side end engages in the respective Kontaktierungskanal, each contacting hole passes axially from front to back in the terminal block and forms the said contact channel.
    Furthermore, there is the advantage that stranded wires can now be properly clamped, because when such stranded wires are clamped, they are displaced and forced into the regular tooth spaces (consisting of maxima and minima of the toothings), resulting in a very high contact surface, and also significantly increasing the holding force ,
    Due to the plastic deformation of the stranded wires, therefore, the holding force of the stranded wire in the contacting hole after clamping with the clamping screw is substantially increased, because by displacing the stranded wire
    Individual stranding in the associated cavities formed by the toothing achieves a large clamping surface, which leads to a superior holding force in the laying of stranded wires.
    In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that instead of the stranded wires, consisting of individual strands, also solid conductors or rope legs can be clamped.
    Such solid conductors are preferably made of copper or other conductive material, such as aluminum or copper alloys, and have the property of being plastically deformed when clamped with the respective clamping screw and the regular toothing pattern of the circumferential toothing in the region of
    Contact opening are displaced, whereby the contact surface is increased and the holding force is improved.
    It has been found that even by the arrangement of regular, circular toothing, which need not be acute-angled, there is a violation of the surface of the respective solid conductor, which is attached to it and freed of any surface insulation layers, which is particularly in copper and Aluminum ladders is important.
    It has been shown that especially in the contacting of aluminum conductors of the electrical contact counteracting corrosion layer by dieregelmäßige toothing of the tooth pattern in the field of
    Contact opening torn open and thus a perfect contact is made possible.
    Due to the fact that with the preferred embodiment, which provides a toothing at least in the bottom region and in the two side surfaces of the contact hole, there is the further advantage that not only solid conductors can be properly clamped and contacted, but also several more superimposed conductors, which can be designed as solid conductors or single stranded conductors or as stranded strands.
    Nevertheless, the stacked introduction of a plurality of conductors achieves perfect contacting in the area of the toothing, because according to the invention the toothing extends at least in the bottom area and in the two side areas adjoining the floor area.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, the serration extends approximately at an angle of 270 degrees circumferentially in the contacting opening, wherein the ceiling area need not necessarily be toothed.
    In a development, however, it can also be provided that the ceiling area is also toothed.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the terminal block is made of an aluminum material or an aluminum alloy.
    The threaded holes when using the clamping screws are arranged in an arbitrary thread size, for example, this may be the thread size M10x1.
    For clamping low voltage and high voltage conductors, a size of the terminal block of about 30 x 30 x 15 mm is provided.
    Each contacting hole, for example, has a width of about 7 mm and a height of 12 mm.
    Depending on the current intensity and the dimension of the conductor to be contacted, these dimensions can be varied within wide limits.
    A clamping screw has, for example, a length of 15 mm, wherein the bolt-side end of the clamping screw has a length of preferably 2-5 mm.
    Of course, it is provided in a development of the invention that the terminal block according to the invention, which consists of a highly conductive aluminum alloy, can still be arranged in an insulating plastic housing.
    The terminal block, which is illustrated only by way of example, can also be designed as a busbar contacting. In this case, the entire body of the terminal block would be formed as a busbar.
    In another embodiment, the terminal block can also be conductively screwed onto the power rail.
    The subject of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.
    All the details and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the physical formation illustrated in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel or in combination with the prior art.
    In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Here, the drawings and their description show further features and advantages of the invention which are essential to the invention.
    Show it:
    Figure 1: perspective view of a terminal block
    Figure 2 is a section similar to line II-II in Figure 1 in a simplified embodiment
    3 shows a section similar to the line III-III in Figure 1
    Figure 4: the front view of two contacting openings of
    Terminal block according to FIG. 1
    Figure 5: the enlarged view of a waveform of the toothing
    Figure 6: an enlarged view in comparison to Figure 6 showing the contacting of an electrical conductor
    FIG. 7 shows a first modification with regard to the profile of the contacting opening
    FIG. 8 shows a second modification with regard to the profile of FIG
    contacting opening
    FIG. 1 shows a multiple terminal 1 according to the invention, which consists of a triple terminal block 2 in the preferred exemplary embodiment.
    It goes without saying that the terminal block 2 can be formed in any other constellation. It can be configured as a single, double or multiple terminal block, wherein all embodiments share the fact that the contacting takes place through a contacting channel extending over the entire depth of the terminal block, which is bounded in each case by a contacting opening 14 on the front side.
    It is sufficient in a first embodiment, when each Kontakierungskanal is assigned only a single clamping screw.
    In a preferred embodiment, which is shown in Figure 1, however, it is provided that each Kontaktierungskanal two clamping screws are assigned, wherein the first Kontaktierungskanal the Klemmschrauben5, 8, the second Kontaktierungskanal the clamping screws 4, 7 and the third Kontaktierungskanal the clamping screws 3, 6 are assigned ,
    The clamping screws each have a distance 11 from one another and can therefore be continued perpendicular to this distance 11 in any desired manner to the left and right and form further contacting channels.
    Each clamping screw 3-8 is seated in an associated threaded bore 9, 10, wherein the threaded bores 9, 10 are of identical design and are illustrated by way of example only in FIG.
    According to Figure 2, each clamping screw 3-8 has on its lower side a pressure pin 15, which is approximately round cylindrical, is formed without thread and the material is integrally connected to the material of the clamping screw 3-8.
    The front side of the pressure bolt 15, which sits on the conductor to be contacted, may be slightly convex. However, instead of this embodiment, the contacting surface may also be formed as a cutting ring, which means that it is convex and protrudes inwards, so that outer circumferential contacting burrs result.
    FIG. 2 shows the contacting of different electrical conductors. On the left side it is shown that the respective clamping screw 3 can be formed in a preferred embodiment in the region of the pressure pin 15 with a cutting ring 12, the threaded screw 6 against
    Unscrewing from the threaded hole 9 secures. It is then umunverlierbaren held in the threaded hole 9.
    On the left side is further shown that a stranded wire 16 is contacted with a plurality of individual strands by the pressure pin 15 of the clamping screw 6 by the individual wires of the stranded wire 16 are displaced into the toothing 18 in the region of the contacting hole 14 inside. As a result, the stranded wires 16 have a high holding strength because they are forced into the relatively small radii of the toothing 18, rub against one another and find an enlarged contact surface on the toothing 18.
    In another embodiment, it is shown in Figure 2 on the right side that a solid conductor 17 is clamped by a same threaded screw, which is only partially shown. This is plastically deformed by the pressure pin 15 of the clamping screw 6, and forced into the toothing 18 under plastic deformation.
    FIG. 3 shows that the multiple terminal 1 according to the invention gives the possibility of clamping both solid conductors 17, but also individual smaller solid conductors arranged one above the other or also wire end ferrules or split ferrules, which are shown as sleeves 31, 32 on the right side.
    It is also important according to FIG. 3 that the toothing 18 according to the invention runs over the entire length of the contacting channel 34, as shown in FIG.
    FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention. It is sufficient to let the toothing 18 according to the invention pass through only in the bottom region 25 of the contacting opening 14 and additionally in the side region 26. The toothing thus covers an angle of about 270 degrees with respect to the opening angle of the contacting opening 14, which is indicated at 360 degrees.
    In a development of the invention, it is provided that also the ceiling area 27 is provided with a toothing, as shown in FIG.
    The toothing 18 consists of individual contacting teeth 23, which are shown enlarged on the basis of FIG.
    In this case, FIG. 5 shows that the contacting teeth 23 form an approximately regular wave pattern, such as, for example, a sine wave or another harmonic wave.
    It follows that the radius 20 of the maximum 21 is just as large again the radius 20 of the minimum 22, so that it is a regular wave of the tooth pattern 19.
    In another embodiment of the invention, however, it may be provided that instead of a wave-shaped, symmetrical and uniform Zahnbildes19 an irregular tooth image is chosen, for example, because the radius of curvature 20 is selected to be smaller than the radius of curvature 20 in the minimum 21 at the maximum 21, whereby the tooth image 19 is sharpened.
    FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the superior contacting and retaining properties of the toothing 18 according to the invention. The tooth pattern 19 shows the shaft shown in FIG. 5, and it can be seen that the contacting teeth 13 which protrude into the contacting opening 14 have identically shaped, plastic indentations 24 on the solid conductor 17, which is thus changed in its surface condition, whereby the
    Contact surface is increased on the one hand and on the other hand, the holding power is improved.
    FIG. 3 also shows that any desired conductor can be provided with insulation 29. From FIG. 3, in conjunction with FIG. 2, it can be seen that the actuating opening 28 can be designed in any desired way for the tool actuation of each clamping screw 3-8. This may be a pinhole, a slot opening or other tooling openings.
    FIG. 7 shows that, instead of the oval profiling of the contacting opening 14, a round profiling with a circumferential toothing of the contacting teeth 23 can also take place.
    Likewise, FIG. 8 shows that, as a modification, a rectangular or square profiled contacting opening 14 can also be provided.
    Overall, the present invention is characterized by the advantage that a relatively easy-to-manufacture gearing as a symmetrical tooth profile provides an improvement of the holding force and an improvement of the contact surface, it does not matter whether solid conductors or strand or rope wires are contacted.
    The contact area, which is increased in terms of contacting, also lowers the temperature which arises through the power line.
    The features of the invention are summarized below: 1. Surface enlargement of the clamped conductors, thus contact area enlargement of the conductors with the consequence of the temperature reduction in the clamping body and in the installation housing or environment. 2. Clamping stranded conductors (AI and CU) without end sleeve. 3. Greater holding force of the conductors in the terminal over conventional terminals. 4. Two conductors can be clamped in one terminal, regardless of cross section and conductor condition (fine, stranded or solid conductor). 5. Only one screw instead of two for each terminal, thus saving time in assembly. 6. No wedging of the clamped ladder by a solid screw. 7. Wide range of use of the terminal, z. B. from 42 to 352. 8. Less space required (in width) than conventional terminals. 9. Multifunctional applications, as a single or main line or power rail terminal. 10. By tin coating corrosion resistant to salt. 11. When using electroconductive aluminum (dual conductivity like brass which is conventionally used) lower transmission resistance and power loss. This results in a lower temperature, the benefits are listed in point 1.
    Material:
    Our own investigations have shown that the best cost-benefit ratio can be achieved with electro-conductive aluminum alloy (at least 30 mS / m). It would also be possible to use brass which has the required mechanical properties but less conductivity. Copper has a higher conductivity, but the mechanical properties are currently unsuitable.
    Drawing 1 Multi-point terminal 2 Terminal block 3 Clamping screw 4 Clamping screw 5 Clamping screw 6 Clamping screw 7 Clamping screw 8 Clamping screw 9 Threaded hole 10 Threaded hole 11 Distance 12 Cutting ring 13 14 Contact hole 15 Push pin 16 Litz wire 17 Solid conductor 18 Gearing 19 Tooth pattern 20 Radius 21 Maximum 22 Minimum 23 Contact tooth 24 Notch 25 Ground area 26 side area 27 ceiling area 28 actuating opening 29 insulation 30 31 sleeve 32 sleeve 33 34 contacting channel
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A multiple terminal (1) for clamping and / or contacting electrical conductors (16, 17; 31, 32) or overhead lines or cables with a terminal block (2) having at least one contacting channel (34) with a front and rear contacting opening (14 ) adapted to receive a line (17; 31, 32) or strand (16) or rope to be clamped; wherein each contacting channel (34) is associated with at least one clamping screw (3-8) which sits in a threaded bore (9, 10) of the terminal block (2) and engages with its pressure pin (15) in the contacting channel (34), characterized in that the contacting opening (34) 14) is formed with a height greater than width and at least the peripheral edge of the contacting opening (14) has a toothing (18) in the lower region.
    [2]
    A multiple terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the serration (18) extends at the peripheral edge of the contacting opening (14) over the axial length of the contacting channel (34).
    [3]
    3. Multi-terminal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the toothing (18) is arranged at least in the bottom region (25) and in the side region (26) of the contacting channel (34).
    [4]
    4. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the toothing (18) in the ceiling region (27) of the Kontactierungskanals (34) is arranged.
    [5]
    A multiple terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the toothing (18) consists of individual contact teeth (23) forming an approximately regular wave pattern.
    [6]
    6. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the profile of the contacting opening (14) is oval or rectangular or square or round.
    [7]
    7. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the terminal block (2) as a single or as a main line or as a busbar terminal or as a series terminal or branch terminal is formed.
    [8]
    8. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the terminal block (2) consists of an electro-conductive aluminum.
    [9]
    9. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the terminal block (2) is coated with tin.
    [10]
    10. Multiple terminal according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pressure pin (15) of the clamping screw (3) with a cutting ring (12) is formed.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT516192A3|2016-08-15|
    DE102014012296A1|2016-02-25|
    AT516192B1|2018-05-15|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014012296.4A|DE102014012296A1|2014-08-22|2014-08-22|Multiple terminal|
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